(Dēmophōn) was nourished in the palace,
and he shot up equal to a superhuman force, not eating grain, not sucking from
the breast. But Demeter used to anoint him with ambrosia, as if he had been
born of the goddess, and she would breathe down her sweet breath on him as she
held him to her bosom. Homeric Hymn to Demeter 235-238
When
I read “and he shot up equal to a
daemon”, I recalled (Iliad 18) where Thetis says, “I gave birth to a son who was without fault and powerful conspicuous
among heroes; and he shot up like a young tree.” Thetis lovingly brought “forth a son, of strength mightier than his father, whose hand should
launch a shaft more powerful than the bolt of thunder or the fearsome trident”
(Pindar, Isthmian Ode 8)
Demeter was not in a loving mood. “ But grief yet more terrible and savage came into
the heart of Demeter, and thereafter she was so angered with the dark-clouded
Son of Cronus that she avoided the gathering of the gods” (HHD 90) When Hera was once angry with Zeus, she too
went apart from the gods and giving notice to the powers below prayed; “ Harken you now to me, one and all, and
grant that I may bear a child apart from Zeus, no wit lesser than him in
strength--nay, let him be as much stronger than Zeus as all-seeing Zeus than Cronus.’(Homeric Hymn 3 to Pythian) The product of Hera’s terrible, savage anger
with Zeus was the giant monstrous Typhon; conqueror of Olympus
Although
Demeter appeared to be doing something good in the way she brought up Demophon,
not all the gods’ gifts are freely given.
The Titan Prometheus was one of the sons of Iapetus. These brothers led the second generation
Titans in the war against the Olympians called the Titanomachy. He ended up switching side, becoming the
benefactor of mankind and the cause of Thetis’ marriage to Peleus. In “Hesiod's Cosmos” Jenny Strauss-Clay suggests that Prometheus
gifts to us of fire and the best cuts of the sacrifice were not altruistic, but
rather "presupposes a reciprocal
counter-gift on the part of men, presumably their support of Prometheus in the
contest between the Titan and Zeus" (p107)
The
poets give no ulterior motive into Demophon’s baptism into ambrosia and fire. But, what future did this terrible goddess, savagely starving mankind
to death, angry with Zeus, standing apart from the gods intend when her foster
son, the god Demophon, reached maturity?
It is interesting that only days ago, I met the same idea in a book by Richard Holway, "Becoming Achilles: Child-sacrifice, War, and Misrule in the lliad and Beyond" - I read pages of it in the Google Books preview. The author is a bit too deep in psychology for my taste, but I like that he does not buy the predominant view that Thetis was truly a good and loving mother, and that Demeter was doing good to Demophon with the best of intentions.
ReplyDeleteMaya,
ReplyDeleteThanks for the reference. It looks good, I will put it on the reading list!