Showing posts with label Hades. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hades. Show all posts

Monday, July 18, 2016

TFBT: Ben's Curriculum, Part I

A nice you man named Ben, contacted me one day.  He was interested in learning about Greek mythology in the esoteric sense.    I think he was hoping for personal spiritual growth by studying these old “truths”.   Here is the basic out-line of the curriculum for our one-on-one course.

1.    Read Hesoid’s Theogony. If you want to understand Greek myth, you will need to know the vocabulary and characters.  This small book is the most concise and clear explanation of the Ancient Greek universe.

2.    There is no such thing as Death.    Ben, a practicing person of faith, seemed to have the hardest time with this idea.  Originally the Titans when they defeated one another buried losers in a hole in the ground; Tartarus. 

o   Tartarus. There were brothers of the first generation of Titans called the Hekatonkheires.  They were tossed into Tartarus twice only to be revived later.  The Titan army Zeus defeated was buried too, only to be released later on and relocated to the Isle of the Blest, because as Pindar says “Even immortal Zeus released the Titans” And they live untouched by sorrow in the Islands of the Blessed along the shore of deep swirling Oceanus, happy heroes for whom the grain-giving earth bears honey-sweet fruit flourishing thrice a year, far from the deathless gods, and Kronos rules over them; for the father of men and gods released him from his bonds. (Hesiod, Works and Days 156)   

o   Hades.  For mortals the hole in the ground was called “Hades” after the god-king of the place.  It was dark, gloomy, and dank, just like you’d expect for a hole in the ground.  But the souls that squeaked and flitted about the place were not dead.  With the proper sacrifices from the world above, they could speak and weep, feel for their beloved and on occasional still aid the living.

o   Shores of the Great River Ocean.  The Titans were original stuck in their mother’s womb due to the agression of their father Uranus.  Since their mother was the Earth, their womb was in fact an underground tomb.  Their eventually release was the proto-event foreshadowing the eventual release of the Hekatonkheires the first time and forever the second time.  As the fallen gods had hope of a world beyond Tartarus, so did mankind have hope of worlds beyond gloomy Hades.  Humanity too could attain the shores of the Great River Ocean at places like the Isle of the Blest, Elysium fields, the Luece Island and other places.  Shoot some of the Ancient Greek heroes made it to Mount Olympus.  To attain such paradises, one simply had to attain the Mysteries at Eleusis or do it the hard way; become a “Hero”.

§  Heroes.     Don’t think of the knightly hero of European lore.  Think of a celebrity.  In this case someone who famously challenges the gods.  Win or loss such men and women prove themselves someone special.  Their tombs and shrines become sacred place to the locale and they become guards of the land and its people.  The “heroes” live alternately in the Isle of the Blest and simultaneously at their shrine.

So what I intended as a skimpy outline, took more time than I expected.  This will be the first post in the series.   By the way, the Ancient Greeks thought the Ocean was a fresh water river. 

Tuesday, May 8, 2012

TFBT; The Choice of Persephone


“…a snare for the bloom-like girl - a marvelous, radiant flower….. And the girl was amazed and reached out with both hands to take the lovely toy: but the wide-pathed earth yawned there in the plain of Nysa, and the Lord Hades, with his immortal horses sprang out upon her…” Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter

While reading Looking for the Other Side by Sherry Suib Cohen, I ran across a mention of the choice of Persephone to return to Hades as the Queen of the Dead or conversely her choice to spent part of the time as she pleased. “Choice” or “free will” is not mentioned in the primary sources. The Choice of Persephone seems to be the creation of astrologers, new age philosophers and a few modern authors .

We all know about “The Rape of Persephone”. She’s the goddess of spring and her mother’s darling. Her mother is Demeter, goddess of grain and growing things. Her father is Zeus, king of the gods. Her father, without her mother’s knowledge gives her to his brother Hades, god of the underworld. The girl and her playmates are out picking flowers in a field. The ground opens; Hades emerges aboard his chariot, snatches the girl and returns to his kingdom. It takes nine or ten days before Demeter convinces the sun god Helios to reveal what happen. She eventually forces the gods to return the girl. Meanwhile, Hades has forced her or tricked her into eating a couple of pomegranate seeds which forces her to return to him. As part of a compromise Zeus declares she will spend x number of months below and x number of months above with the gods. Persephone wasn’t offered a choice. Usually divine decrees declare how it is going to be “once and for always.”

So let’s see what choice Persephone had;

Seduced by Zeus: "[Zagreus] from Zeus’ high counsels nursed by Persephone, and born the dread of all the powers divine." Persephone was seduced by her father. Her father was the strongest of the gods and King of the Universe. “No!” was not an option. She lost the boy-child Zagreus as a toddler.

Not allowed a lover or husband; It’s nowhere stated, but conceivable that Demeter had no intention of letting her daughter have a lover or a husband. Their inseparability was notorious. In addition Gaia’s role in the conspiracy suggests her great-grandmother’s desire to see her wed, even against Demeter’s will. In additional as an Olympian goddess she’d have great restrictions put on her options of lover or husband. "'You are merciless, you gods, resentful beyond all other beings; you are jealous if without disguise a goddess makes a man her bedfellow, her beloved husband ... So it was when Demeter of the braided tresses followed her heart and lay in love with Iasion in the triple-furrowed field; Zeus was aware of it soon enough and hurled the bright thunderbolt and killed him." - As a daughter in a patriarchal society, Persephone would have little say in whom she wed. Her Olympian sisters Artemis and Athena were allowed neither lovers nor husbands. Her “sister” Aphrodite was “given” to Hephaestus. Her mother was not allowed to marry. Her Aunt Hestia was a virgin. Her niece Hebe was given to Heracles. And her only other aunt, Hera was chosen by Zeus as his own bride.

Tricked or Forced to eat of the Forbidden Fruit; Pluto (Hades) gave her a pomegranate seed to eat, as assurance that she would not remain long with her mother. With no foreknowledge of the outcome of her act, she consumed it or “But he on his part secretly gave her sweet pomegranate seed to eat, taking care for himself that she might not remain continually with grave, dark-robed Demeter… but he secretly put in my mouth sweet food, a pomegranate seed, and forced me to taste against my will." Persephone claims to have no choice in the eating of the forbidden fruit and no ancient author claims she had any choice in the matter of how much time she spent in the world above and the world below.

No Choice in Friends; "The Sirens, daughters of the River Achelous and the Muse Melpomene, wandering away after the rape of Proserpina [Persephone], came to the land of Apollo, and there were made flying creatures by the will of Ceres [Demeter] because they had not brought help to her daughter. It was predicted that they would live only until someone who heard their singing would pass by "On through deep lakes he [Hades' with the abducted Persephone in his arms] drove …. And there lived Cyane, the most renowned of all the nymphs of Sicily, who gave her pool its name. Out of her waters’ midst she rose waist-high and recognized the goddess. `Stop, stop!’ she cried. She had no choice in friends. The old ones were take from her and she had no say in what happen to them. And her new “best friend” Hecate was part of the compromise. “and from that time the lady Hecate was minister and companion to Persephone."

She had no choice in whether to have children. Zagreus was dead (in a manner of speaking) and few ancient authors give Hades credit for fathering any deities.

She had a choice to scream. “Then she cried out shrilly with her voice, calling upon her father, [Zeus] the Son of Cronus.”. Persephone’s sole choice was whether to scream or not. She did. She called to her father in Heaven. The same cry alerted the Sun from whom her hope of rescue came. Maybe that’s the only choice that any of us have.